Human Resource management in Administration

Human Resource Management is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of verious personnel. It focuses to management, providing direction for the staff who work in the organization in various posts and management level. Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers. The activities of human resource management is performed withing the administrative activities. Human Resource Management activities in any kind of organization are the function that deal with the issues related to people such as environment of the organization, conflict among the management and staff, compensation and hiring of the staff, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, bonus, selection of the staff, promotion, training and other activities. Without adminstration, we cannot run and operate these kinds of issues in the organization. Human Resource Management is also a strategic and comprehensive approach to managing people and the workplace culture and environment in organization. Effective HRM enables employees to contribute effectively and productively to the overall company direction and the accomplishment of the organization's goals and objectives. These all are possible in sound and clean administration. With the help of sound administratin, we can manage and operate the organization and we can replace the right staff at the right time at the right place.

The concept of new administration is to coordinate, coordination, mutual understanding between all the management of organization. There is no best way to administer in any kind of organization. We have various tools for administering the organization. We must use that kind of tool which is popular, usable, acceptable, confident, available. The use of administration tool is depends upon the nature, size and category of organization and the management. We should use the administration tool according to the situation of the organization, country and demands of the people. The new concept of administration is arising in the world. We also have to change the administrating style according to the situation.

Latest Studies of Public Administration

Public administration is the management of affairs of the government at all level of government. Public administration activities can be seen in National, State, Provinces and Local level. These are the branches of the wider field of administration. According to F.M. Marx “Administration is determined action taken in pursuit of a conscious purpose. It is the systematic ordering of affairs and the calculated use of resource and aimed at making those things happen which on wants to happen.” According to J.M. Pfiffner “Administration is the organization and direction of human and material resources to achieve desired ends.” According to Marshall Edward Dimock and Gladys Ogden Dimock “As a study, public administration examines every aspect of government’s efforts to discharge the law to give effect to public policy; as a process it is all the steps taken between the time an enforcement agency assumes jurisdiction and the last brick is placed (but includes also that agencies participation, if any, in the formulation of programmes is the first place); and as a vocation, it is organizing and directing the activities of others in a public of agencies.” According to Luther Gulick “Administration is that part of the science of administration which has to do with government and, those, concerns itself primarily with the executive branch, when the work of government is done, though there are obviously administrative problems also in connection with the legislative and judicial branches.” According to Simon “In the broadest sense, administration can be defined as the activities of groups coordinating to accomplish common goals.” The father of administration named Woodrow Wilson “Public administration is detailed and systematic application of law, every particular application of law is an act of administration.” According to F.A. Nigro “The real core of administration is the basic service which performed for the public such as police and protection, public works, education, recreation, sanitation, social security, agriculture research, national defense and others.” According to L.D. White “Administration is the direction, coordination and control of many persons to achieve some purpose or objectives.” According to Dwight Waldo “ Public administration is the composite of all the laws, regulations, practices, relationships, codes and customs that prevail at any time in any jurisdiction for fulfillment or execution of public policy.” Public administration is any kind of administration in the public sectors. It performs various public activities. There are various views regarding to the meaning, functions, activities, scope, nature to be included in public administration. The many versions about public administration have been aroused in the world. The development of latest meaning and modern views about administration is the contribution of American scholars.

Why administration

We all are in the circle of society. The society runs within the government rules and regulations. The place where the rules and regulations are used is called the administrative agent. Without administration, the society can not be run. The people are guided by civic servant. Civic servants are those person who are appointed by the government through competition. Administration is the center of any kind of country, nations, provinces, state, small and big organization, formal and non formal organization etc. Administrative activities are used by managers, administrators, chief of the organization. Without clean and tidy administration, the organization ca not go up for its destination.

Meaning of Leadershipad its Functions

The leading is the quality of the person who enforce the staff or labor to do the job. Its main aim is to make the person active and smart. Leadership is the quality of leader. Without leadership in any kind of organization, the staff and coordinators cannot the jobs properly and efficiently. According to Koontz and O'Donnell "leadership is the ability of a manager to induce subordinates to work with confidence and zeal." According to the explanation of Allen "a leader is one who guides and directs other people and gives their efforts direction and purpose." Really, the leadership is the ability of any manager, administrator etc. In short, the functions of leadership are as follows: 1. Primary Functions: a. Planning, b. Making Policy, c. Playing the role of mediator, d. Implementing the policy. e. Present as external representative, f. Controlling o internal relations, g. Dispenser of rewards and punishment the staff, 2. Accessory functions: a. Showing as exemplar, b. Playing the role as Symbol of the group, c. Patronizing the staff and followers, d. Ideologist, e. Guarding the staff and the followers, The leader is a person who can change the environment of the organization in any time according to the requirement of organization. The leader may have the informal power and authority. He or she may use limitless power and authority. But he or she will be no delegated the formal authority. Leader is the person who always motivate the members in the organization.

Relationship of Public Administration with other Social Sciences

Public administration subject has great and clean relationship with other social sciences. It should work with other social science. Public Administration and Political Science Public Administration and Economics Public Administration and Law Public Administration and History Public Administration and Psychology Public Administration and Sociology Public Administration and Religion Public Administration, Science and Technology Public Administration and Demography Public Administration and Geography Public Administration and Ethics Public Administration and Philosophy Public administration subject has great and clean relationship with other social sciences. It should work with other social science. Public Administration and Political Science Public Administration and Economics Public Administration and Law Public Administration and History Public Administration and Psychology Public Administration and Sociology Public Administration and Religion Public Administration, Science and Technology Public Administration and Demography Public Administration and Geography Public Administration and Ethics Public Administration and Philosophy

Few differences between Private and Public Administration

Shortly, we can express that there are differences between private and public administration. Traditionally, public administration is totally related with public affairs and private administration is totally related with private issues. Now days, we can not differentiate between private and public administration. Both of the administrations are similar to each other. They are different from its nature of functions and objectives. They are used for the betterment of the organization. Both of the administrations keep the talent and excellent personnel and they both run the activities in the organization. Simply, we can differentiate Private and Public Administration on the following basis: • Objectives, • Scope and functions, • Nature of works, • Responsibilities to the public, • Profit motive, • Nature of functions, • cost of Service, • Political direction, • Public relation, • Efficiency, • Monopolistic, • Styles of recruitment, Public Administration is like bureaucracy, where as private administration is business activities like. Public administration is directed and influenced by politically and the private administration is directed by politically. Public administration use the strict rules and regulation to operate organization, but private administration do not use strict rules and regulations.

Importance of Public Administration

Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corner of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration show the importance of public administration. Followings are the importance of Public Administration: Management of Public Service Distribution Social Change Disaster Management Population Control Preservation of Human Right Management of Industrial Relationship Protect from Internal and External Economic Development These points show that the administration is used all over the sections of country.

Few differences between Private and Public Administration

Shortly, we can express that there are differences between private and public administration. Traditionally, public administration is totally related with public affairs and private administration is totally related with private issues. Now days, we can not differentiate between private and public administration. Both of the administrations are similar to each other. They are different from its nature of functions and objectives. They are used for the betterment of the organization. Both of the administrations keep the talent and excellent personnel and they both run the activities in the organization. Simply, we can differentiate Private and Public Administration on the following basis: • Objectives, • Scope and functions, • Nature of works, • Responsibilities to the public, • Profit motive, • Nature of functions, • cost of Service, • Political direction, • Public relation, • Efficiency, • Monopolistic, • Styles of recruitment, Public Administration is like bureaucracy, where as private administration is business activities like. Public administration is directed and influenced by politically and the private administration is directed by politically. Public administration use the strict rules and regulation to operate organization, but private administration do not use strict rules and regulations.

Relationship of Public Administration with other Social Sciences

Public administration subject has great and clean relationship with other social sciences. It should work with other social science. Public Administration and Political Science Public Administration and Economics Public Administration and Law Public Administration and History Public Administration and Psychology Public Administration and Sociology Public Administration and Religion Public Administration, Science and Technology Public Administration and Demography Public Administration and Geography Public Administration and Ethics Public Administration and Philosophy

Major functions of Administration

There are various functions and scope of public administration. Its functions and scope is depended on the functional nature, importance, uses, utilization, styles of ruling, nature of government. The determined scope of administration gives the shape of administrative areas. One of the scope of administration according to Luther Gulick is ‘POSDCoRB’. POSDCoRB: P=Planning, O=Organizing, S=Staffing, D=Directing, Co=Coordination, R=Reporting and B=Budgeting.

Functions of Business Administration

The administration of a business is inter changeable with the performance or management of business operations and management maybe including important decision making, controlling, organizing the various elements etc. Thus it is likely to include the efficient organization and management of people and other resources available in the company so as to direct activities for achieving common goals and objectives.
The word is derived from the Middle English word administration, which is in turn derived from the French administration, itself derived from the Latin administratio — a compounding of ad ( ad means "to") and ministrare (means "give service").
Administrator can occasionally serve as the title of the general manager or company secretary who reports to a corporate board of directors. This title is archaic, but, in many enterprises, the general management function, including the associated Finance, Personnel and management information systems services, is what is meant by the term "administration".
The major functions of Administration can be mentioned as follows. These "functions" of the administrator were described by Henri Fayol as "the 5 elements of administration.
• Planning - is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and who should do it. It maps the path from where the organization is to where it wants to be. The planning function involves establishing goals and arranging them in a logical order. Administrators engage in both short-range and long-range planning.
• Organizing - involves identifying responsibilities to be performed, grouping responsibilities into departments or divisions, and specifying organizational relationships. The purpose is to achieve coordinated effort among all the elements in the organization (Coordinating). Organizing must take into account delegation of authority and responsibility and span of control within supervisory units.
• Staffing - means filling job positions with the right people at the right time. It involves determining staffing needs, writing job descriptions, recruiting and screening people to fill the positions.
• Directing (Commanding) - is leading people in a manner that achieves the goals of the organization. This involves proper allocation of resources and providing an effective support system. Directing requires exceptional interpersonal skills and the ability to motivate people. One of the crucial issues in directing is to find the correct balance between emphasis on staff needs and emphasis on economic production.
• Controlling - is a function that evaluates quality in all areas and detects potential or actual deviations from the organization's plan. This ensures high-quality performance and satisfactory results while maintaining an orderly and problem-free environment. Controlling includes information management, measurement of performance, and institution of corrective actions.
• Budgeting - exempted from the list above, incorporates most of the administrative functions, beginning with the implementation of a budget plan through the application of budget controls...

Various Functions and Scope of Public Administration

There are various functions and scope of public administration. Its functions and scope is depended on the functional nature, importance, uses, utilization, styles of ruling, nature of government. The following are the functions and scope of public administration which are invented by different thinkers: Henry Fayol – POCCC: P = Planning (Prevoyance) O = Organizing C = Co-ordination C = Commanding, and C = Controlling Marshall E. Dimock and Glady Dimock: As a Study, As a Process, As a Vocation, Griffin – POLC: P = Planning, O = Organization, L = Leading, C = Controlling. P.Macqueen – M3: M = Men M = Materials M = Method Koonz and O’Donnell – POSDLC: P = Planning O = Organizing S = Staffing D = Directing L = Leading C = Controlling

Types of Administration

As we say that the administration is run by government and other sector which are opened to develop the society in the country. Therefore, there may be different types of administration. Generally, there are two types of administration according to its functions, nature and importance: 1. Public Administration, and 2. Private Administration. Public administration is run and operates by the sectors of government. The administrative activities done by the government for the welfare of the country is known as public administration. Public administration is related with the functions and activities of the government. No other department is engaged to run the governmental administration. The government may transfer the authorities to run the government administration to other organs. Private administration is related with private activities and it is used in the sectors of private business. It is use to gain the profits. It is uses for the purpose of individual.

Importance of Public Administration

Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corner of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration show the importance of public administration. Followings are the importance of Public Administration: Management of Public Service Distribution Social Change Disaster Management Population Control Preservation of Human Right Management of Industrial Relationship Protect from Internal and External Economic Development

Few differences between Private and Public Administration

Shortly, we can express that there are differences between private and public administration. Traditionally, public administration is totally related with public affairs and private administration is totally related with private issues. Now days, we can not differentiate between private and public administration. Both of the administrations are similar to each other. They are different from its nature of functions and objectives. They are used for the betterment of the organization. Both of the administrations keep the talent and excellent personnel and they both run the activities in the organization. Simply, we can differentiate Private and Public Administration on the following basis: • Objectives, • Scope and functions, • Nature of works, • Responsibilities to the public, • Profit motive, • Nature of functions, • cost of Service, • Political direction, • Public relation, • Efficiency, • Monopolistic, • Styles of recruitment, Public Administration is like bureaucracy, where as private administration is business activities like. Public administration is directed and influenced by politically and the private administration is directed by politically. Public administration use the strict rules and regulation to operate organization, but private administration do not use strict rules and regulations.

Administration

Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corner of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration show the importance of public administration. Followings are the importance of Public Administration: Management of Public Service Distribution Social Change Disaster Management Population Control Preservation of Human Right Management of Industrial Relationship Protect from Internal and External Economic Development These points show that the administration is used all over the sections of country.

Administration

Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corner of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration show the importance of public administration. Followings are the importance of Public Administration: Management of Public Service Distribution Social Change Disaster Management Population Control Preservation of Human Right Management of Industrial Relationship Protect from Internal and External Economic Development These points show that the administration is used all over the sections of country.

Administration

Public administration subject has great and clean relationship with other social sciences. It should work with other social science. Public Administration and Political Science Public Administration and Economics Public Administration and Law Public Administration and History Public Administration and Psychology Public Administration and Sociology Public Administration and Religion Public Administration, Science and Technology Public Administration and Demography Public Administration and Geography Public Administration and Ethics Public Administration and Philosophy

Administration

Public administration subject has great and clean relationship with other social sciences. It should work with other social science. Public Administration and Political Science Public Administration and Economics Public Administration and Law Public Administration and History Public Administration and Psychology Public Administration and Sociology Public Administration and Religion Public Administration, Science and Technology Public Administration and Demography Public Administration and Geography Public Administration and Ethics Public Administration and Philosophy

Administration

Private Administration Mitra Mani Pokhrel Administrator Private Administration is that kind of administration which is perform and done in private sectors. It is used to control, direct, coordinate, supervise on the performances done by the staff in private company. It is use to gain the profits and all the administrative activities done to fulfill the private goal and objectives in the business organization. Private Administration is also the part of public administration. In the country, the government may delegate certain powers to the private organizations. They may perform the activities according to the policies of government. The private administration also plays vital roles in the country for developing the administrative management skills. Administration is the heart of the organization which circulate the blood.

Administration

Relationship of Public Administration with other Social Sciences Mitra Mani Pokhrel Public administration subject has great and clean relationship with other social sciences. It should work with other social science. Public Administration and Political Science Public Administration and Economics Public Administration and Law Public Administration and History Public Administration and Psychology Public Administration and Sociology Public Administration and Religion Public Administration, Science and Technology Public Administration and Demography Public Administration and Geography Public Administration and Ethics Public Administration and Philosophy

Administration

Importance of Public Administration Mitra Mani Pokhrel Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corner of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration show the importance of public administration. Followings are the importance of Public Administration: Management of Public Service Distribution Social Change Disaster Management Population Control Preservation of Human Right Management of Industrial Relationship Protect from Internal and External Economic Development These points show that the administration is used all over the sections of country.

Administration

Few differences between Private and Public Administration Shortly, we can express that there are differences between private and public administration. Traditionally, public administration is totally related with public affairs and private administration is totally related with private issues. Now days, we can not differentiate between private and public administration. Both of the administrations are similar to each other. They are different from its nature of functions and objectives. They are used for the betterment of the organization. Both of the administrations keep the talent and excellent personnel and they both run the activities in the organization. Simply, we can differentiate Private and Public Administration on the following basis: • Objectives, • Scope and functions, • Nature of works, • Responsibilities to the public, • Profit motive, • Nature of functions, • cost of Service, • Political direction, • Public relation, • Efficiency, • Monopolistic, • Styles of recruitment, Public Administration is like bureaucracy, where as private administration is business activities like. Public administration is directed and influenced by politically and the private administration is directed by politically. Public administration use the strict rules and regulation to operate organization, but private administration do not use strict rules and regulations.

Administration

Importance of Public Administration Mitra Mani Pokhrel Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage own activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all corner of the country. Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration show the importance of public administration. Followings are the importance of Public Administration: Management of Public Service Distribution Social Change Disaster Management Population Control Preservation of Human Right Management of Industrial Relationship Protect from Internal and External Economic Development

Administration

Various Functions and Scope of Public Administration Mitra Mani Pokhrel Administrator There are various functions and scope of public administration. Its functions and scope is depended on the functional nature, importance, uses, utilization, styles of ruling, nature of government. The following are the functions and scope of public administration which are invented by different thinkers: Henry Fayol – POCCC: P = Planning (Prevoyance) O = Organizing C = Co-ordination C = Commanding, and C = Controlling Marshall E. Dimock and Glady Dimock: As a Study, As a Process, As a Vocation, Griffin – POLC: P = Planning, O = Organization, L = Leading, C = Controlling. P.Macqueen – M3: M = Men M = Materials M = Method Koonz and O’Donnell – POSDLC: P = Planning O = Organizing S = Staffing D = Directing L = Leading C = Controlling

Administration

Mitra Mani Pokhrel Administrator Functions of Public Administration: There are various functions and scope of public administration. Its functions and scope is depended on the functional nature, importance, uses, utilization, styles of ruling, nature of government. The determined scope of administration gives the shape of administrative areas. One of the scope of administration according to Luther Gulick is ‘POSDCoRB’. POSDCoRB: P=Planning, O=Organizing, S=Staffing, D=Directing, Co=Coordination, R=Reporting and B=Budgeting.

Administration

The layers of Administration Mitra Mani Pokhrel There are various levels of administration in any kind of county. All the countries may have different levels of administration. All level performs the different activities in the country. All levels of administration has great important for the development of country. We may classify the levels of administration according to the followings: International Administration, Central Administration, State Level Administration, Regional Administration Local Administration, International administration is related with the administrative activities which are related with internationally. Central administration performs the central administrative activities in the country. It supervises, control, coordinate and organize the national level administration.

Administration

Private Administration Mitra Mani Pokhrel Administrator Private Administration is that kind of administration which is perform and done in private sectors. It is used to control, direct, coordinate, supervise on the performances done by the staff in private company. It is use to gain the profits and all the administrative activities done to fulfill the private goal and objectives in the business organization. Private Administration is also the part of public administration. In the country, the government may delegate certain powers to the private organizations. They may perform the activities according to the policies of government. The private administration also plays vital roles in the country for developing the administrative management skills. Administration is the heart of the organization which circulate the blood.

Admimistration

Types of Administration
As we say that the administration is run by government and other sector which are opened to develop the society in the country. Therefore, there may be different types of administration. Generally, there are two types of administration according to its functions, nature and importance:
1. Public Administration, and
2. Private Administration.

Public administration is run and operate by the sectors of government. The administrative activities done by the government for the welfare of the country is known as public administration. Public administration is related with the functions and activities of the government. No other department are engaged to run the governmental administration. The government may transfer the authorities to run the government administration to other organs.
The private administration can be defined according to following:

Admimistration

Administration
The meaning of administration is the activities and functions of the governments and other sectors of country. Generally, the administration is run by different sector of government. The functions which are done by authorized bodies is known as administration.
In the 21st century, the administration has great importance. It is run by the government and private sectors as well. There can be seen different evils in the society and economic sector. All kind of evils are elimination by the administration of the country. Administration can be defined as the activities done by government through different organs. 
It is clear that without administration, the country is possible. If there is no administration, the government cannot function smoothly efficiently.